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This study examines the acute toxicity of Monizen® forte when administered to white male mice through intragastric and subcutaneous routes. The evaluation of acute toxicity parameters for MONIZEN® forte was performed at the pharmacology and toxicology laboratory and vivarium of VNIIVSGE, affiliated with the FGBNU FNC VIEW RAN. The toxicological testing followed the protocol outlined in the “Guidelines for conducting preclinical studies of drugs. Part one” (2012).The median lethal dose (LD50) of MONIZEN® forte was found to be 2524 ± 91.5 mg/kg for subcutaneous injection in white nonlinear mice, whereas the oral (intragastric) administration showed an LD50 of 953.82 ± 156 mg/kg. According to the acute toxicity results in mice after a single intragastric dose, MONIZEN® forte is categorized as a moderately toxic compound under the 3rd hazard class in line with the hygienic classification GOST 12.1.007-76. Administering doses higher than recommended via either oral or parenteral routes caused toxic effects on the liver and kidneys in the tested mice.

The application of various agricultural pesticides can lead to adverse effects on bodily tissues. This study evaluated the impact of dermal exposure to malathion on sex hormone levels and its potential carcinogenicity in mice. 30 adult male mice were randomly assigned to control and treatment groups. The treatment group received a topical application of malathion at 1 ppm (1 ml) for 12 weeks. After the exposure period, serum levels of testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) were analyzed, and tissue samples were collected post-necropsy. Cytotoxicity was assessed using the micronucleus assay and MTT method in vitro, and the IC50 value was calculated. Results showed no significant difference in LH levels between groups; however, both testosterone and FSH levels declined significantly in the treated mice. Histological evaluation revealed mild liver toxicity in the treatment group. Additionally, the frequency of micronuclei at various Malathion concentrations was significantly elevated compared to controls (P < 0.05). Overall, these findings suggest that dermal exposure to malathion can reduce reproductive hormone levels and induce cytotoxicity in mice.

Royal jelly, a secretion produced by bees, has been previously shown to have beneficial effects on the nervous system. This study aimed to explore its potential in alleviating anxiety and controlling seizures in mice. To assess its anti-convulsant properties, 25 male mice were divided into 5 groups, with strychnine administered 30 minutes after royal jelly treatment to induce seizures. Key outcomes, including seizure onset and duration and mortality rates, were measured. A separate group of 35 male mice was used to evaluate the anxiolytic effect. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA, considering P < 0.05 as significant. The results demonstrated that royal jelly doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg significantly delayed seizure onset and reduced seizure duration compared to the control group. In addition, the mortality rate in these groups was significantly lower than in the control group (P < 0.05). In the anxiety test, royal jelly doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg notably increased the stopping time and the number of entries into the maze arms compared with the control group (P < 0.05). These findings suggest that royal jelly effectively reduces seizures induced by strychnine and has potential anxiolytic effects in mice.