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The application of various agricultural pesticides can lead to adverse effects on bodily tissues. This study evaluated the impact of dermal exposure to malathion on sex hormone levels and its potential carcinogenicity in mice. 30 adult male mice were randomly assigned to control and treatment groups. The treatment group received a topical application of malathion at 1 ppm (1 ml) for 12 weeks. After the exposure period, serum levels of testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) were analyzed, and tissue samples were collected post-necropsy. Cytotoxicity was assessed using the micronucleus assay and MTT method in vitro, and the IC50 value was calculated. Results showed no significant difference in LH levels between groups; however, both testosterone and FSH levels declined significantly in the treated mice. Histological evaluation revealed mild liver toxicity in the treatment group. Additionally, the frequency of micronuclei at various Malathion concentrations was significantly elevated compared to controls (P < 0.05). Overall, these findings suggest that dermal exposure to malathion can reduce reproductive hormone levels and induce cytotoxicity in mice.

Zinc is a crucial element for both plant and human growth, playing a key role in cell division and supporting the maintenance of normal cellular processes. This study investigates the effects of zinc on mitotic division at various concentrations and time points. By assessing the correlation between the mitotic index (MI), chromosomal aberrations (IAC), and exposure time to different concentrations of zinc sulfate (ZnSO4), the cytotoxic effects of ZnSO4 were evaluated. The results showed a strong positive correlation (r > 0.89) between the incidence of chromosomal aberrations and higher concentrations of ZnSO4, suggesting that increased zinc levels contribute to chromosomal damage. Furthermore, increasing exposure time from 24 to 72 hours and concentrations from 10 ppm to 50 ppm resulted in a significant negative correlation (r = -0.84). These results highlight the critical role of zinc in cellular function and the potential harm from excessive zinc‎.